How to Use B2B vs B2C Analysis in Amazon: Step-by-Step Tutorial
Understand how business buyers differ from individual consumers on Amazon
Introduction to B2B vs B2C Analysis
If you're selling on Amazon, understanding the difference between your business (B2B) and individual consumer (B2C) customers is crucial for optimizing your sales strategy. Business buyers typically have different purchasing patterns, order volumes, and product preferences compared to individual consumers. This analysis can reveal opportunities to tailor your pricing, inventory, and marketing strategies for each segment.
Amazon Business has grown significantly, with millions of business customers purchasing everything from office supplies to industrial equipment. By analyzing the behavioral differences between B2B and B2C customers, you can:
- Optimize pricing strategies for bulk purchases versus individual orders
- Adjust inventory levels based on which segment drives volume
- Tailor product offerings to meet the specific needs of each customer type
- Improve marketing campaigns by targeting the right message to the right audience
- Forecast demand more accurately by understanding purchase cycles
In this tutorial, you'll learn how to perform a comprehensive B2B vs B2C analysis using your Amazon sales data. We'll cover three key questions: What percentage of your orders are B2B? Do business buyers spend more? And what products do businesses prefer?
Prerequisites and Data Requirements
What You'll Need
Before starting this tutorial, ensure you have the following:
- Amazon Seller Central Account with access to order reports
- Order data export covering at least 90 days (preferably 6-12 months for reliable trends)
- Business customer indicator in your data (Amazon marks B2B orders with an "is-business-order" field)
- Analytics tool such as SQL, Python, Excel, or Google Sheets
- Basic data analysis skills or familiarity with spreadsheet formulas
Understanding Your Data Fields
Your Amazon order report should include these essential fields:
| Field Name | Description | Example Value |
|---|---|---|
| order-id | Unique identifier for each order | 112-3456789-0123456 |
| is-business-order | Boolean indicating if order is B2B | true / false |
| order-item-id | Unique identifier for each item in order | 34567890123456 |
| purchase-date | Date and time of purchase | 2024-01-15T14:23:45Z |
| item-price | Price of individual item | 29.99 |
| sku | Stock Keeping Unit (product identifier) | WIDGET-001-BLK |
| quantity-purchased | Number of units ordered | 5 |
Exporting Your Data from Amazon
- Log into Amazon Seller Central
- Navigate to Reports > Fulfillment
- Select All Orders report
- Choose your date range (recommended: last 6 months)
- Click Request Report and download when ready
Step 1: What Percentage of Orders Are B2B?
The first step in your analysis is understanding the composition of your customer base. Calculating the percentage of B2B versus B2C orders gives you a baseline understanding of your business mix.
Why This Matters
Knowing your B2B percentage helps you:
- Assess whether you're effectively reaching business customers
- Benchmark against industry standards (typically 15-30% for most product categories)
- Determine if you should invest more in Amazon Business features
- Understand your vulnerability to changes in either market segment
Performing the Analysis
Using SQL
-- Calculate order counts by customer type
SELECT
is_business_order,
COUNT(DISTINCT order_id) as order_count,
ROUND(COUNT(DISTINCT order_id) * 100.0 / SUM(COUNT(DISTINCT order_id)) OVER (), 2) as percentage
FROM amazon_orders
WHERE purchase_date >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '90 days'
GROUP BY is_business_order
ORDER BY is_business_order DESC;
Using Excel/Google Sheets
- Create a new column labeled "Customer Type"
- Use formula:
=IF(B2="true","B2B","B2C")(assuming is-business-order is in column B) - Create a pivot table with Customer Type in Rows and Count of Order-ID in Values
- Add a calculated field for percentage:
=(Count/Total)*100
Expected Output
Customer Type | Order Count | Percentage
--------------+-------------+-----------
B2B | 1,247 | 23.45%
B2C | 4,070 | 76.55%
--------------+-------------+-----------
Total | 5,317 | 100.00%
Interpreting the Results
- Below 10%: You have significant room to grow your B2B presence. Consider enrolling in Amazon Business features.
- 10-25%: Healthy mix with B2C dominant. Standard for many consumer product categories.
- 25-50%: Strong B2B presence. You should prioritize business customer features like bulk pricing.
- Above 50%: B2B-dominant business. Ensure your product listings, pricing, and inventory cater to business needs.
Step 2: Do Business Buyers Spend More?
Understanding the spending patterns between B2B and B2C customers reveals the true revenue impact of each segment. Often, even if B2B represents a smaller percentage of orders, they may contribute disproportionately to revenue.
Key Metrics to Calculate
- Average Order Value (AOV): Total revenue divided by number of orders
- Average Units Per Order: How many items are purchased per transaction
- Total Revenue Contribution: What percentage of total revenue comes from each segment
Performing the Analysis
Using SQL
-- Compare spending metrics by customer type
SELECT
is_business_order,
COUNT(DISTINCT order_id) as order_count,
SUM(item_price * quantity_purchased) as total_revenue,
ROUND(AVG(order_total), 2) as avg_order_value,
ROUND(AVG(total_units), 2) as avg_units_per_order,
ROUND(SUM(item_price * quantity_purchased) * 100.0 /
SUM(SUM(item_price * quantity_purchased)) OVER (), 2) as revenue_percentage
FROM (
SELECT
order_id,
is_business_order,
SUM(item_price * quantity_purchased) as order_total,
SUM(quantity_purchased) as total_units
FROM amazon_orders
WHERE purchase_date >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '90 days'
GROUP BY order_id, is_business_order
) order_summary
GROUP BY is_business_order
ORDER BY is_business_order DESC;
Using Excel/Google Sheets
- Create a column for Order Total:
=SUMIF(order_id_range, order_id, revenue_range) - Create a pivot table with Customer Type in Rows
- Add Values: Count of Order-ID, Sum of Order Total, Average of Order Total
- Calculate revenue percentage for each segment
Expected Output
Customer Type | Orders | Total Revenue | AOV | Avg Units | Revenue %
--------------+--------+---------------+---------+-----------+----------
B2B | 1,247 | $187,450.00 | $150.28 | 8.3 | 41.23%
B2C | 4,070 | $267,200.00 | $65.66 | 2.1 | 58.77%
--------------+--------+---------------+---------+-----------+----------
Total | 5,317 | $454,650.00 | $85.51 | 3.9 | 100.00%
Interpreting the Results
Average Order Value Analysis:
- If B2B AOV is 2-3x higher than B2C: This is typical. Business buyers purchase in bulk.
- If B2B AOV is similar to B2C: You may not be attracting large business buyers, or your products suit small business needs.
- If B2B AOV is lower than B2C: Unusual pattern. Investigate if business discounts are too aggressive or if small businesses are buying individual items.
Revenue Contribution Analysis:
- In the example above, B2B represents only 23.45% of orders but contributes 41.23% of revenue
- This indicates B2B customers are highly valuable and worth investing in
- Calculate the ratio: Revenue % ÷ Order % = 41.23 ÷ 23.45 = 1.76x (B2B customers are 76% more valuable per order)
Strategic Insights
If your analysis shows B2B customers have significantly higher AOV:
- Consider implementing quantity-based pricing tiers
- Invest in business customer acquisition through Amazon Business promotions
- Ensure adequate inventory for larger bulk orders
- Create product bundles or multi-packs appealing to business buyers
Step 3: What Products Do Businesses Prefer?
Different customer segments often prefer different products from your catalog. Understanding these preferences allows you to optimize inventory, create targeted promotions, and potentially develop products specifically for business customers.
Why Product Preference Matters
- Inventory optimization: Stock more of products popular with your dominant segment
- Product development: Create variations (colors, sizes, packaging) that appeal to business buyers
- Marketing focus: Highlight business-friendly features in listings for B2B-preferred products
- Pricing strategy: Offer business pricing on products with high B2B demand
Performing the Analysis
Using SQL
-- Identify top products by customer type
WITH product_metrics AS (
SELECT
sku,
product_name,
is_business_order,
COUNT(DISTINCT order_id) as orders,
SUM(quantity_purchased) as units_sold,
SUM(item_price * quantity_purchased) as revenue
FROM amazon_orders
WHERE purchase_date >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '90 days'
GROUP BY sku, product_name, is_business_order
),
product_totals AS (
SELECT
sku,
SUM(orders) as total_orders,
SUM(units_sold) as total_units
FROM product_metrics
GROUP BY sku
)
SELECT
pm.sku,
pm.product_name,
pm.is_business_order,
pm.orders,
pm.units_sold,
pm.revenue,
ROUND(pm.orders * 100.0 / pt.total_orders, 2) as order_percentage,
ROUND(pm.units_sold * 100.0 / pt.total_units, 2) as unit_percentage
FROM product_metrics pm
JOIN product_totals pt ON pm.sku = pt.sku
WHERE pt.total_orders >= 20 -- Filter for products with significant volume
ORDER BY pm.revenue DESC
LIMIT 50;
Using Excel/Google Sheets
- Create a pivot table with SKU in Rows, Customer Type in Columns
- Add Values: Count of Order-ID, Sum of Quantity, Sum of Revenue
- Calculate percentage of orders that are B2B for each product
- Sort by total revenue to focus on top products
- Identify products with B2B percentage significantly different from your overall average
Expected Output
SKU | Product Name | Customer | Orders | Units | Revenue | B2B %
-------------+-----------------------+----------+--------+-------+------------+-------
WIDGET-001 | Premium Widget Black | B2B | 145 | 1,160 | $23,200.00 | 72%
WIDGET-001 | Premium Widget Black | B2C | 56 | 280 | $5,600.00 | 28%
GADGET-055 | Home Gadget Set | B2B | 12 | 48 | $1,440.00 | 15%
GADGET-055 | Home Gadget Set | B2C | 68 | 272 | $8,160.00 | 85%
SUPPLY-200 | Office Supply Pack | B2B | 203 | 3,248 | $32,480.00 | 89%
SUPPLY-200 | Office Supply Pack | B2C | 25 | 100 | $1,000.00 | 11%
Interpreting the Results
Identifying Product Segments:
- B2B-Dominant Products (>60% B2B): Products like WIDGET-001 and SUPPLY-200 are clearly preferred by business buyers
- B2C-Dominant Products (>70% B2C): Products like GADGET-055 appeal more to individual consumers
- Balanced Products (40-60% B2B): These products have universal appeal across both segments
Strategic Actions Based on Product Preferences:
For B2B-Dominant Products:
- Enable Amazon Business quantity discounts
- Highlight bulk packaging and business-friendly features in listings
- Ensure higher inventory levels to accommodate larger orders
- Consider creating business-specific variations (e.g., higher quantity packs)
- Add business pricing for orders of 10+ units
For B2C-Dominant Products:
- Focus on consumer-friendly features in product descriptions
- Invest in consumer marketing and promotions
- Optimize for individual purchase sizing and packaging
- Consider Subscribe & Save options for recurring consumer purchases
Cross-Selling Opportunities
Look for patterns in what products are purchased together by each segment. Business buyers might purchase your office supplies alongside your widgets, while consumers buy gadgets with accessories. Use Amazon's "Frequently Bought Together" and "Customers Also Bought" features strategically based on these insights.
Interpreting Your Results: Putting It All Together
Now that you've completed all three analysis steps, it's time to synthesize your findings into actionable insights. Let's look at a complete example scenario:
Sample Complete Analysis
Your Amazon Business Profile
- B2B Order Percentage: 23.45%
- B2B Revenue Contribution: 41.23%
- B2B Average Order Value: $150.28 (vs. B2C: $65.66)
- Revenue Value Multiplier: 1.76x (B2B orders are 76% more valuable)
- Product Insights: 35% of your SKUs are B2B-dominant (>60% B2B orders)
Strategic Recommendations Based on Results
Scenario 1: High B2B Revenue Contribution (30%+ of revenue)
If business customers contribute 30% or more of your revenue, they're a critical segment:
- Enroll in Amazon Business if you haven't already
- Implement business pricing for high-volume purchases
- Optimize B2B-popular products with bulk packaging and business-focused descriptions
- Increase inventory for B2B-dominant SKUs to handle larger orders
- Consider B2B-specific products or variations (e.g., 100-count packs vs. 10-count)
Scenario 2: Low B2B Percentage (Under 15%)
If business customers represent a small portion of your sales, you have growth opportunities:
- Analyze why: Are your products consumer-focused, or are you not reaching business buyers?
- Test business pricing on your top-selling products
- Add business-friendly features to product listings (bulk discounts, tax exemption compatibility)
- Create multi-packs or bundle offerings that appeal to businesses
- Monitor results over 90 days to see if B2B percentage increases
Scenario 3: High AOV Disparity (3x+ difference)
If B2B customers spend significantly more per order:
- Protect your B2B relationships with excellent customer service
- Create VIP programs or special offers for top business accounts
- Ensure stock availability to avoid disappointing high-value customers
- Consider account management for your largest business customers
Setting Up Ongoing Monitoring
B2B vs B2C analysis isn't a one-time exercise. Set up a quarterly review process:
- Month 1 of Quarter: Run the full analysis (Steps 1-3)
- Month 2 of Quarter: Implement changes based on insights
- Month 3 of Quarter: Measure impact of changes
- Track key metrics: B2B percentage, AOV ratio, top product shifts
Common Issues and Solutions
Issue 1: Missing is-business-order Field
Problem: Your order report doesn't include the is-business-order field.
Solution:
- Ensure you're downloading the "All Orders" report, not "Order Items" report
- Check that you're enrolled in Amazon Business (required to see this field)
- Navigate to Reports > Fulfillment > All Orders and request a new report
- If still missing, contact Amazon Seller Support to verify your Amazon Business enrollment
Issue 2: All Orders Showing as B2C
Problem: Every order has is-business-order = false.
Solution:
- This may be accurate if you haven't enrolled in Amazon Business
- Verify your enrollment status in Seller Central > Settings > Account Info
- Complete Amazon Business enrollment (it's free for sellers)
- Wait 24-48 hours after enrollment for data to populate correctly
- Some categories have very low B2B penetration (e.g., fashion accessories)
Issue 3: Inconsistent B2B Percentages Across Time Periods
Problem: B2B percentage varies wildly month-to-month (e.g., 10% one month, 40% the next).
Solution:
- Use longer time periods (90+ days) to smooth out volatility
- Check for seasonal patterns (businesses may buy more in Q4 or at fiscal year-end)
- Look for one-time large business orders that skew results
- Segment by product to see if specific SKUs drive the fluctuation
- Consider using rolling 90-day averages for more stable metrics
Issue 4: Unable to Calculate Average Order Value
Problem: Your data shows line items, not order-level totals.
Solution:
- Group by order-id first to create order-level summaries
- Use this Excel formula:
=SUMIF($A:$A, A2, $E:$E)where A is order-id and E is item-price × quantity - In SQL, use a subquery or CTE to aggregate to order level first (see Step 2 code example)
- Don't forget to multiply item-price by quantity-purchased before summing
Issue 5: Product Analysis Shows All Products Balanced
Problem: Every product shows approximately the same B2B percentage as your overall average.
Solution:
- You may have a very focused product line with universal appeal
- Try analyzing at a more granular level (color, size, pack-size variations)
- Look at purchase frequency rather than just order count
- Analyze order quantity per transaction (businesses may buy more units of the same products)
- Consider that your opportunity is to expand your product line to capture more B2B-specific demand
Issue 6: Data Export Size Limits
Problem: Your order volume is too large for Excel (over 1 million rows).
Solution:
- Use Google Sheets (supports up to 10 million cells)
- Split analysis into monthly chunks and aggregate results
- Use SQL database (import CSV into MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQLite)
- Learn Python with pandas library for large dataset analysis
- Consider business intelligence tools like Tableau, Power BI, or Google Data Studio
Next Steps with Amazon Business
After completing your B2B vs B2C analysis, you're equipped with actionable insights. Here's how to move forward:
Immediate Actions (This Week)
- Enroll in Amazon Business if you haven't already (free for sellers)
- Enable business pricing for your top 5 B2B-dominant products
- Update product listings for B2B-popular items to highlight bulk purchasing and business benefits
- Check inventory levels for B2B-preferred products to ensure you can fulfill larger orders
Short-Term Actions (This Month)
- Create quantity-based pricing tiers (e.g., 5% off orders of 10+, 10% off orders of 50+)
- Develop business-focused product variations (bulk packs, industrial packaging)
- Optimize your Amazon Business profile with business-specific imagery and descriptions
- Set up automated reports to track B2B performance monthly
- Analyze your competition to see what business pricing they offer
Long-Term Actions (This Quarter)
- Develop a B2B growth strategy based on your analysis insights
- Consider B2B-specific product development if you've identified clear business needs
- Participate in Amazon Business promotions to attract new business customers
- Implement account management for your top business customers
- Review and optimize quarterly based on performance data
Advanced Analysis Techniques
Once you've mastered the basics, consider these advanced analyses:
- Customer lifetime value (CLV) comparison between B2B and B2C
- Repeat purchase rate analysis by customer segment
- Seasonal trend analysis for each segment
- Geographic distribution of B2B vs B2C customers
- Product category performance by business type
- Return rate comparison between segments
- Time-to-reorder analysis for identifying subscription opportunities
Resources for Further Learning
- Amazon Business Seller Resources: Seller Central > Amazon Business section
- Business Pricing Guide: Learn how to set up tiered pricing structures
- Amazon Seller Forums: Connect with other sellers managing B2B sales
- Business Customer Insights: Review Amazon's reports on business buyer behavior
- Analytics Courses: Improve your data analysis skills with SQL or Excel training
Conclusion
Understanding the difference between your B2B and B2C customers is crucial for maximizing your Amazon sales potential. By following this tutorial, you've learned how to:
- Calculate what percentage of your orders come from business customers
- Determine if business buyers spend more per order than individual consumers
- Identify which products are preferred by each customer segment
- Interpret your results to make strategic business decisions
- Troubleshoot common data and analysis challenges
Remember that B2B customers often represent a disproportionately valuable segment—even if they're a minority of your orders, they may contribute significantly to your revenue through higher order values and repeat purchases. By tailoring your Amazon strategy to serve both B2B and B2C customers effectively, you can optimize inventory, pricing, and product development for maximum profitability.
Set up a regular cadence to review these metrics (quarterly is recommended) and adjust your strategy as your business evolves. The insights you gain from this analysis will help you make data-driven decisions that grow both segments of your Amazon business.
Ready to take action? Start with Step 1 today and discover what percentage of your Amazon orders are coming from business customers. The insights might surprise you!
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